Business Law - 3470 Words

| Assignment 1 | MBA 6163 Business Law | | Wan Chin HuiMBA-CUCST/F/12//03/0005(2792 Words) | | | Table of Contents Task 1 3 Task 2 6 Task 3 11 References: 15 Task 1 Mrs. Turner has decided to start her own business running a private day nursery. It is necessary for her to find appropriate premises. She sees a detached house, which would be appropriate, on the market for  £200.000. After having viewed the property she decides to make a bid for the property for  £150,000. The sellers state clearly however that they will only accept  £180,000. Mrs. Turner then sees another property on the market for  £250,000. She offers the asking price for this and it is accepted ‘subject to contract.’ However a week†¦show more content†¦Turner, the terms â€Å"subject to contract† actually is a secure way to protect both of their benefit. For Mrs Turner, this means that she can pull out of the deal anytime if, for example, a survey shows up a defect or she might found another favorable property – though she can pull out for any reason. For the seller of second property, it would have allowed them to pulls out of a deal if they have had a higher offer. It must be noted that the mere use of the words â€Å"subject to contract† does not necessarily mean that the contract is not yet binding. Whether the parties contemplated a binding contract to take immediate effect or whether they were postponing their rights and obligations under the proposed contract until formalization is a question of fact and depends on the circumstances of each case. Task 2 Mrs. Turner has now purchased a suitable property and is now purchasing the necessary items required to run her nursery. She looks on a website and sees cots and high chairs advertised for sale by a company named Babies R Us, on the 1st October 2003, requesting twenty cots and twenty high chairs, requesting a reply by the 21st November 2003. She received a reply by post, confirming the order, on the 1st December 2003. This was postmarked 20th November. However on the 30th November, Mrs. Turner had assumed that Babies R Us were unlikely to reply and therefore, entered into a contract with a rival company. Mrs. TurnerShow MoreRelatedBusiness Law And Ethics : Backoffice Business Brief1862 Words   |  8 Pages Running head: BACKOFFICE BUSINESS BRIEF 1 Business Law and Ethics BackOffice Business Brief Patten University BACKOFFICE BUSINESS BRIEF 2 Constitutional Rights and Guarantees BackOffice is a new startup business that will provide potential clients with an application (app) that woul d automate certain business functions. BackOffice will be selling the app to certain business clients that will use it to facilitate their customers’ transactions. It is important that the owner of this companyRead MoreLegal Underpinnings of Business Law Essay609 Words   |  3 PagesLegal Underpinnings of Business Law OMM 670: Legal Environment February 25, 2013 Legal Underpinnings of Business Law Business | Type of Business | Liability Exposure | Compare | Contrast | Tinker’s Home Security Service | Sole proprietorship | Unlimited | Monetary rewards are from both the Proprietor amp; business | Sole Liability | Tinker amp; Tailor’s Home Security Service | General partnership | Unlimited | All partners are responsible whether silent or active | If you areRead MoreLaw 531 Business Forms Worksheet1386 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿University of Phoenix Material Business Forms Worksheet There are seven forms of business: sole proprietorship, partnership, limited liability partnership, limited liability company (including the single member LLC), S Corporation, Franchise, and Corporation. 1. Research and provide three advantages and three disadvantages for each business form. 2. Provide a 100- to 200-word summary in which you provide an example business that you would start for each form. What is legally necessary toRead MoreBusiness Law3143 Words   |  13 Pages2012 – OCTOBER SEMESTER 2012 STUDENT NAME: CHU THI HONG TUYEN ID No.: 2448481 BMLW5103 – BUSINESS LAW ASSIGNMENT Question 1 Discuss the enforceability of an agreement which lacks consideration. Using legal authorities (relevant statutes and cases) to support your discussion. Answer: A valid contract is an agreement made between two or more parties that creates rights and obligations that are enforced by law. What does the consideration mean? And what does it effect to the agreement? 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Total Recall essay (PHIL 1003) - 851 Words

Fact or Fiction? Total Recall Paper PHIL 2003-013 Usually at least once in a lifetime a person will question whether a dream was reality or not. It is rare to think â€Å"I am just dreaming† in a dream. In the 1990s movie Total Recall the director, Paul Verhoeven, attempts to illustrate the puzzling question of â€Å"what is reality and what is not?† With Arnold Schwarzenegger in this futuristic flick, the director cleverly confuses the audience about what is â€Å"real† in the movie, making one doubt each previous scene. Total Recall begins with the main character, Douglas Quaid, on a mission to decipher a reoccurring dream that takes place in Mars. His curiosity and frustrations take him to ReKall Inc. who has a specialty in a very†¦show more content†¦His belief in God even affected his theories on reality. One of his theories was that he was being deceived by a conniving and mischievous demon that was hell-bent on distorting his reality. The demon could be comparable to the evil dictator and the mem ory replacing machine in Total Recall. Despite the evil demon, Descartes did manage to reveal one very true thing and that is that he must exist if he truly is being deceived by the evil demon because he needs to exist in order to be deceived. He later summarizes this into his famous phrase â€Å"I think, therefore, I am.†(Descartes 136). The second philosopher that analyses the problem of what is reality and what is not in the Introduction to Philosophy textbook is Christopher Grau. Grau, in his essay, expands on Descartes idea of the â€Å"evil demon† by basing it off of The Matrix with his theory, The Brain in a Vat Theory. The theory is just like it sounds. Just like in Total Recall, an extremely intelligent device has the ability to give humans and gives them a false reality of a life. What Grau is purposing is that we, as people, could quite possibly be hooked up to a super computer and given false memories and experiences as well. In conclusion, Total Recall is aShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book , Tuesdays With Morrie, By Mitch Albom1055 Words   |  5 Pagesprofessor, Morrie Schwartz. The memoir details the meeting that Mitch has after years without any contact to his college professor. Author Mitch Albom was a sport journalist before he transitioned to be a novelist and he wrote a collection of 7 books in total. Tuesdays With Morrie was his first book and originally written to cover the medical bills of Morrie Schwartz. Within all genres of novels, textual features are used to create a story for the reader to understand. These features are used to give theRead More`` Libra, By Don Delillo And The Conspiracy Assassinate President John F. 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The crises to which this work responds was the total annihilation of Hiroshima and the aftershock experienced by those leftRead More Use of the Mock-epic Style in The Rape of the Lock Essay979 Words   |  4 Pages165) was no great enduring writing but a cheap, scandalous work of fiction, notorious for its thinly concealed allusions to contemporary scandals, perhaps analogous to Jeffrey Archers novels today. The interaction of the sexes is reduced to a mockery of warfare (conflict being a strong underpinning motif of epic literature) as evidenced by the Barons feinting approach to Belinda (4,158 thrice the foe drew near) — which recalls the drama of the card game earlier in the canto. There is a comparisonRead MoreGeorge Orwell s The And Animal Farm1749 Words   |  7 Pagesover the status-quo, and there are more than a few examples of the types of manipulation they use in 1984 and Animal Farm that rebels try to overcome. 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Apex Investment Partners free essay sample

Apex Investment Partners was founded in 1987 by James A. Johnson and the First Analysis Corporation. In its eight-year life, the VC had raised three funds. The two first which are already closed had, together, a committed capital of around $70M. There were mainly concentrated in four areas: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Telecommunication, information technology and software. Environmental and industrial productivity-related technologies. Consumer products and specialty retail. Health-care and related technologies. Usually, Apex sought to be the leading investor whatever the stage in order to have one of its representatives join the board of the financed companies. Furthermore, Apex pursues to balance its investments between start-up and already generating positive cash flows investments. Now (April 1995) in the process of raising its third fund of $75M committed capital target, the VC fund seeks for new opportunities on the market. In this context, they recently approached a firm which seems to have huge potential for rapid growth: AccessLine Technologies. We will write a custom essay sample on Apex Investment Partners or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Based in Washington, AccessLine is an emerging telecommunication company that developed a high differentiation service called â€Å"One Person, One Number†. Basically, the concept is to assign one single number (an AccessLine number) which allows an individual to manage all of their different telecommunications. Realizing that it was less risky and far more costeffective to license their technology, the company extensively use strategic alliances with well-establish operators to commercialize its technology. To pursue its fast expansion, the firm undertook, in July 1994, a $15. M private placement from five investors and welcomed to the board, as part of the transaction, a representative of the first financing round. To keep up with its ambitions and meet its growth expectations (subscribers increase by 200% per year between 1995 and 1999), AccessLine wish to obtain an additional financing of approximately $16M. Even though Apex is convince in the firms’ potential and h ave already built a trustful relationship, the two parties have still two contentious that need to be resolved before any deal could proceed: †¢ †¢ The valuation of the company The term sheet conditions In order to give our own perspective on these contentious, we will construct, in this report, our own estimation of AccessLine value as well as the proposed deal for all claimants. Then, we will go through the eventual issues of the proposed term sheet on which Apex should focus its attention. Enterprise Value of AccessLine In the following section, we are going to value AccessLine conditional on a successful exit (here IPO). We chose to use the discounted cash method (absolute valuation) which consist in making projection of the cash flows of the firm from the year of exit until infinity and discount them to the present. The DCF approach is given by: = + + ? + + !? # = (1) $% Notice that one could prefer to impute what the market’s opinion of the firm will be at exit date to obtain the searched value. This is the so-called comparable analysis (relative valuation). Table 1 shows the estimated input parameters used in our DCF analysis. It’s important to keep in mind that, according to Michael Roberts findings, entrepreneurial firms have very little leverage. Thus, we will suppose that AccessLine is an all equity entrepreneurial firm and consequently will avoid interest expenses as well as tax shield. Moreover, notice that we will assume no excess cash. Table 1: Inputs parameters for the DCF Analysis Exit(T) Year until Graduation (S-T) Expected Inflation Industry Growth (avg, nominal) Extra Growth Revenue ($M) Operating Margin Tax Rate Operating Assets ($M) Stable Growth (nominal) Stable Growth (real) Discount rate (nominal) Discount rate (real) R(old) R(new) Depreciation % of book value of operating Assets 2. 0% 15. 7% 0. 0% 208. 0 32. 5% 30. 6% 54. 0 Graduation (S) 5 Incremental 11. 5% 9. 5% 1320. 1 39. 8% 30. 6% 1639. 9 3. 0% 1. 0% 11. 5% 9. 5% 22. % 9. 5% 1. 5% 317. 2 10. 0% Several additional assumptions were required when calculating the exit value for AccessLine. In a first step we have to postulate when the successful exit is going to happen. Normally this period is assumed to be between 3 and 7 years long. In our case, we make the assumption that a successful exit is going to happen in 1999. Since we are only concerned about the successful scenario, we go along with the p rojection of AccessLine, which is probably overoptimistic, and use its expected revenue of 208M at the time the exit happens. After the IPO, we presume the company will grow at a high rate for the next five years in the 75 percentile as proposed by Metrick, Andrew and Ayako Yasuda in their â€Å"Venture Capital and the Finance of innovation† book. We chose five years since the typical firm reaches maturity within five years after the IPO. Besides, we assume a tax rate of 30. 64% given by the industry average (Damodaran 2013). As a discount rate, we use simply the industry average. Alternatively, we could use the Betas of the comparable companies. This gives us an unlevered average beta of 0. 5*(1. 39+2. 03) since both companies are completely equity financed. The risk free rate was given by 7. 1%, if we assume a risk premium of 5. 79% (Damodaran for 1. 4. 13) we get a cost of capital of 16. 9% using the CAPM equation. Because we only have two comparable companies we opt to do our calculations with the industry wide average discount rate. The operating margin at the exit date is estimated in a way that we reach a Net Income of approximately 22% of revenues as projected by AccessLine for the year 1999. Holding everything else constant, we get an expected operating margin of 32. 5% at the time of the exit date. After that we assume that the margin converts in equal steps to the industry average at the graduation date. Concerning the operating assets, we expected them to remain constant relative to the revenue. In 1993, we observe operating assets of $2. 20M (Total – Other assets, net) and revenue of $8. 36M resulting in a percentage of approximately 26%. In consequence, this gives us operating assets of $54M in 1999. After that, we believe assets to change in a way that the return on assets converges to the return on assets for the graduation year. As we expect AccessLine to be a successful and mature company after 5 years, this value is assumed to be the industry average. We expect Inflation to be around 2% for the â€Å"foreseeable† future in the United States, which is in line with estimations of the IMF. We us the figure of the United States as an approximation since it seems the most relevant for AccessLine. Furthermore we assume the nominal growth rate to be equal to a conventional rate of 3%. Thus, at the time of the graduation value, the real growth rate reaches 1%. After having experienced extraordinary growth for 5 years, a lot of the competitive advantage due to having a new innovative product will disappear and thus the company will tend to perform similar to other companies in the same industry. Therefore, regarding the graduation value, all the inputs are assumed to be industry averages (We took the numbers from the statistics provided in the excel sheet). Note that this is only the case because we assume a successful scenario. We assume the return on old capital (i. e. return on the capital in place before graduation) is going to be equal to the industry average and return on new capital (meaning return for capital created by new investments after graduation) is going to be equal to the real cost of capital. This is justified, once again, by the fact that it will be difficult to have a competitive advantage after an extraordinary growth period. When taking all these assumption into consideration we obtain the following values: Table 2: Outputs parameters for the DCF Analysis ($M) Sum of the Cash Flows* PV (Sum of the CF) Graduation Value PV (Graduation Value) NPV of firm at exit (end of 1999) -493. 1 -551. 3 3865. 7 2240. 1 1688. 8 *CF=EBIT(1-tax) + Depreciation – Capex – NWC The last step in the valuation process of the firm at current time is to adjust the exit value with the probability of success and to actualize this product by the VC discount rate. We based our choice of the probability of success on the findings of John L. Nesheim. According to his research, compiled in the book â€Å"High Tech Start Up†, High Tech start-ups tend to have a probability of success of around 10%. However, as we believe AccessLine to be in a really good position, we decided to use 15%. For the VC discount rate, we opted for 15% as recommended in the lectures of professor Theodosios Dimopoulos (lecture 4, slide 13). In conclusion we get that: (() * ( * + , 1995 = $1688. 84 ? 15% = $131. 94924 1 + 15% 78/ : Proposed deal value for all claimants According to the term sheets, both investors have the right to get back their investment in preference. Furthermore, we assume that the Series A shareholders are making use of their warrants. Table 3: Shareholders’ key information Series A Series B Common Shares Liquidation Preference $17. 88M* $16M None % of Ownership 17%** 13% 70%*** *(2’220’726 + 333’110)*7; **Incl. warrants; ***53% Investors + 17% Employees/Directors/Management As we can see in figure 1, since there is no preference between series A and B (pari passu), both split equally the proceedings until the liquidation preference of the Series B holders of $16M is reached at W=32M. After that point everything goes to the Series A holders until they reach their own liquidation preference of $17. 88M. Subsequent, all the proceeds are distributed to the common shareholders (the green line). First we calculate the order of conversion, given by APP/#Shares. Series A has the lower value and thus converts first. Depending on the order we can determine the following conversion conditions: for A 0. 17*(W-16)gt;17. 88 and for B thus 0. 13Wgt;16 since A should already have converted. Figure 1: Exit Diagram 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1 8 15 22 29 36 43 50 57 64 71 78 85 92 99 106 113 120 127 134 141 148 Series A value Series B value Common Table 4: Slopes (W=) PA PB Employees 0-32 0. 0. 5 0 32-34 1 0 0 34-121 0 0 1 121-124 0. 17 0 0. 83 gt;124 0. 17 0. 13 0. 7 We rounded the conversion points for convenience. Using the changes in the slopes, we determine the exit equations for all the involved parties: †¢ †¢ †¢ Exit Equation A=1/2*V+1/2*C(32)-C(34)+0. 17*C(121)+2. 5*BC(124)=24. 84M(Partial value for A) Exit Equation B=1/2*V-1/2*C(32)+0. 13*C(124)=19. 91M(Partial value for B) Exit Equation Common Shareholders = C(34)-0. 17*C(121)-0. 13*C(124)-2. 5*BC(124=87. 25M(Partial value common) To calculate the corresponding price we used: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The Value we determined for AccessLine of $132M A volatility of 90% as an approximation based on historical evidence presented by Metrick and Yasuda Since we expect the exit to happen at the end of 1999, we have an expected holding period of 4. 67 years The risk free rate used is the one given in the case study of 7. 1% The binary option is used because, after the Series B converts, Series A will get a jump. This path is explained by the fact that the Liquidation preference of Series B does not exist anymore at W=124 since the Series B shareholders have converted. To calculate the prices of the options, the Flex calculator on vcvtools. com is used. 6. Note: The calculator uses the Black and Scholes formula to calculate the option prices. This means that stock prices are assumed to follow a lognormal distribution and trading can take place at all time. Furthermore no taxes, transaction costs, and arbitrage opportunities are assumed. These are very strong and unrealistic assumptions, however we do not care that much since they still give us a useful approximation. Issues in the proposed term sheet We understand from the case that Apex is deeply concerned about the particulars they have been proposed in the term sheet. Their fear is mostly related to the alignments of interest between them and the management team. They believe the incentives of the managers to be too week to insure that they will pursue a mutually satisfactory outcome. Therefore, they would preconize the use of some mechanisms such as provision that required punitive interest if the firm did not go public and/or being giving rights of first refusal on future financing. In this section, we will identify some issues contained in the proposed term sheet on which Apex should have a particular consideration. For starters, Series B holders have no warrants attached to their shares unlike Series A holders that can use it until the 3 of June 1999. This is problematic for Apex since it allows current holders to lower the proportionate weight of Series B preferred stock. In the same vein, Series A holders can increase their % of ownership since they are allowed, unlike Series B holders, to buy Class A Common Stock from the current shareholders at a ratio of 0. 83 (option to buy common stock). Another important risk for Apex to consider is the lack of the Right of Co-sale in the Series B term Sheet. Indeed, this means that in the event that one or both key personalities of the firm (Mr. Kranzler and Mr. Fuller) sale their stock to exit the company, Apex won’t be able to lower their holdings even though the company won’t probably have the same dy namics (and thus valuation). This is even more dramatic when considering that Mr. Fuller is the full owner of patents and patents pending for the technology he invented on which the AccessLine System is based. Indeed, in a worst case scenario, Mr. Fuller could take is patent, recruit Mr. Kranzler and Mr. Epler which are long-standing business relations and start another company. Finally, even though they have the ability to vote on the compensation package increase of any insider who holds 5% or more of the company stock, Series B holders do not have the right to elect one director to the Board. Therefore, there is no guarantee that Apex will be able to have an official in the Board of Director when investing in Series B shares. This is probably the key issue for Apex as they clearly prefer to have influence on the Board. rd

Smokeless tobacco free essay sample

That is why smokeless tobacco is not a safe alternative but safer that smoking. Horned, Richard says that one third of cancer Is caused by smoking. Smokeless tobacco is not a safe alternative to smoking, but it is safer. Although smokeless tobacco it can deliver high doses of nicotine. It is dependence forming, but do not appear to cause cancer or respiratory diseases. (focuses) Suns Is manufactured some harmful chemicals than dependence forming, but do not appear to cause cancer or Increase in cardiovascular risks and Is likely to be harmful to lower than those caused by smoking. (focuses) People have been brainwashed that smokeless tobacco and smoking cigarettes have the same effects on your body, which is wrong, because humans dont get lung cancer from smokeless tobacco. Plus lung cancer has a higher hence of killing you, because when you breathe it spreads through your body. People say that smokeless tobacco is more addictive, but GHz, S-H says that Men quit smokeless tobacco at three times the rate of quitting cigarettes (38. We will write a custom essay sample on Smokeless tobacco or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 8% vs.. 1 1. 6 All tobacco is addictive and hard to quit. Smokeless tobacco is more addicting because it has a higher nicotine level then.. Cigarettes, but since it has more nicotine you wont have to put in a dip as much as you would smoke a cigarette. When dipping you also leave it in your mouth longer than it takes to smoke a cigarette, so you will have to smoke more often. Everyone says that dip cause mouth cancer. Tooth loss, and yellow teeth. Dry. Rood says that as long as you get regular checkups at the dentist and you brush your teeth you will not lose your teeth and the dentist will be able to catch any sign of cancer before it turns serious. Up to 90% of oral cancer is caused by smoking not smokeless tobacco (Dry. Rood). People think that they can only get lung cancer from smoking not any other cancers. When you put a dip in your mouth you only have it in that one spot, but when you smoke it goes everywhere in your mouth which puts you at a higher risk of attaining oral cancer. Most cases of oral cancer from smokeless tobacco use are above the age of 70 and have been using it for more than 55 years (Dry. Rood) Smokeless tobacco can shorten your life right because it is bad for you, wrong, the difference in peoples life expectancy that have never used smokeless tobacco and people that have used it is only . 001 of a year (Dry. Rood). In Sweden smokeless tobacco Is huge, It Is like there way of life. Sweden has high life expectancy, but if smokeless tobacco was a health risk this would not be so, say Dry. Rood. Nobody in Sweden really smokes cigarettes. They have one of the sweet rates In oral cancer and It Is way lower than the U. S. (Dry. Rood). 80% of OFF Smokeless tobacco is not even on that list. Over the next 20 years the U. S. Will spend over 1 trillion dollars on medical expenses with smoking being 800 billion (Dry. Rood) Leukemia will affect 40 to 80 percent of smokeless tobacco users. Although leukemia might sound scary, all it is white spots in your mouth from dipping a little too much. Researchers say that there is a small chance that it will ever go to the next stage which is cancer. You can keep it from developing by Just changing the placement of your dip.

20 Descriptive Essay Topics What to Write about the Enneagram Personality Types

20 Descriptive Essay Topics What to Write about the Enneagram Personality Types If you are tasked with writing a descriptive essay about nine personality types and the Enneagram, you have to select a topic that is truly of interest to you personally. The more engaged you are with the topic, the easier you will find the research and writing process to be. That being said, picking a topic can often be the most challenging aspect of any writing which is why you will find twenty potential topics listed below. These are meant as a guide and may or may not be ideally suited to your writing task as they are, but they can nonetheless function as a wonderful starting point for you to come up with a topic that you love: The Benefits of the Enneagram Three Centers of Intelligence The Origins of the Enneagram Personality Type 1: Strengths and Problems Personality Type 2: Higher Emotions Personality Type 3: Speaking Style Personality Type 4: Lower Emotional Habit Personality Type 5: Archetypal Challenge Personality Type 6: Speaking Style Personality Type 7: Strengths and Problems Personality Type 8: Lower Emotional and Higher Emotional Habits Personality Type 9: Archetypal Challenge Heart Personality Types How Understanding Enneagram Personality Types Creates More Compassion The Use Of Automatic Habits and How Enneagram Personality Understanding Stops Their Power What Creates Automatic Actions and Thoughts and How Personality Influences Them Head Personality Types How Each Personality Type Works with the Others (Or Two or Three Personality Types Of Your Choice) Body Personality Types The Effectiveness of the Narrative Tradition with Enneagram Teachings Worldwide Sample Descriptive Essay on the Benefits of the Enneagram Every Enneagram boasts a unique way of acting, feeling, and thinking which come from inner motivations. The Enneagram is a tool for personal transformation by way of greater understanding of the world, an understanding which is meant to transcend cultural, religious, gender, and national differences. Determining one’s personality by way of the Enneagram allows people to better express themselves and understand automatic habits which might interfere with their daily living. Automatic habits, or automatic thoughts, are those responses, those unconscious patterns by which people handicap themselves without realizing it. An event in the past may trigger an unconscious thought pattern that doctors are to be ridiculed for thinking they are gods, something which a person allows to influence their judgment over doctors and anything medically related in the present. By understanding what automatic actions or habits a person has, they can look for the signs of them and begin to work through them so as to lead a more fulfilling life. This results in healthier relationships and a better connection to oneself. If a person automatically assumes their significant other will leave them in the end, as a result of a childhood lesson that formed a habitual thought, then that automatic and unconscious thinking will influence a great many decisions, thoughts, and actions in current relationships. By identifying the root and working past it, individuals can maintain healthier bonds while also coming to understand themselves in a deeper way. Personality is meant to be a way to express oneself, but automatic thoughts and habits can cause people to become stuck. Understanding and alleviating these patterns with the Enneagram allows people to become more flexible and better skilled. Understanding what other people are thinking and feeling allows individuals to become more compassionate and tolerant. This means that individuals can learn not to take the negative reactions of other people as a personal affront. If, for example, an individual learns that their significant other suffers from severe headaches when their blood sugar is low, said individual not listening to a conversation or being rude can be understood as a result of the low blood sugar and severe headache. The individual in question can then avoid taking the rude behavior personally or as a result of anything they did. This level of understanding reaches into the workplace too. If you have a colleague whose parents never acknowledge his worth and are always avoiding praise for his accomplishments and substituting demands for why he has not achieved more, you will better understand why that same colleague is continually seeking praise and recognition for every small accomplishment in the workplace from his colleagues and boss. By recognizing this, you become a more tolerant person, more compassionate toward your work colleague and in lieu of becoming irritated that said individual does not seem as mature as yourself and should be self-sufficient without needing praise from others, you will appreciate their situation and their background and offer praise where necessary. This level of understanding is what allows people to garner a unique ability to better read people’s thoughts, but also the environment. Negative reactions are not taken personally. Identifying emotional defenses and psycholog ical defenses specific to your type allows you to grow and to heal from all situations. In addition to this, it allows you to develop an inner life whereby you recognize the spirit inside of you. With these skills, individual can not only be more mindful of themselves but of others. They can cultivate a deeper understanding of each thought and action, where it stems from and how it influences the self. This type of self-awareness transcends all other boundaries and makes individuals much more cognizant of how their automatic habits influence daily interactions with others, and how others are influenced by their automatic habits too. With this deeper understanding, individuals can garner more compassion toward others, as understanding naturally breeds compassion and that compassion will become contagious in all things. This compassion will improve relationships at home and in the workplace, make communication easier and healthier, and ensure a better understanding of the world in which each person lives, and how they contribute to that world. References: Herman, C. Peter. The Enneagram: Understanding Yourself And The Others In Your Life..PsycCRITIQUES  34.9 (1989): n. pag. Web. Kale, Sudhir H., and Samir Shrivastava. The Enneagram System For Enhancing Workplace Spirituality.  Journal of Mgmt Development  22.4 (2003): 308-328. Web. Levine, Janet.  Know Your Parenting Personality. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons, 2003. Print. Riso, Don Richard, and Russ Hudson.  The Wisdom Of The Enneagram. New York: Bantam Books, 1999. Print. Riso, Don Richard.  Personality Types. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1987. Print. Sayre-Adams, Jean. The Enneagram A Means To Psychological And Spiriutual Awareness.Spirituality Health  4.4 (2003): 24-31. Web. Webb, Karen, and Jo Kyle.  The Enneagram. London: Thorsons, 2001. Print.

The Refused essays

The Refused essays The band Refused, consisting of Dennis Lyxzn (Vocals), David Sandstrm (Drums), Kristofer Steen (Guitar) and Jon Brnnstrm (Bass), were the leading hardcore band in Scandinavia from the 1992 to 1998. The myth has it that Refused was formed out of the cultural vacuum provided by a society with no sense of art or humane politics. The group is very much reactionary but in such a way that it actually does challenge the conservative conventions of modern culture. They were well known for following the uncompromising lifestyle "straight edge" and for fighting for animal rights. But mostly, they were known for being the revolutionary socialist, hardworking band from Ume, Sweden that always had something important to say. Refused announced themselves with a massive hardcore sound on This Just Might Be...the Truth, the Swedish group's bombastic full-length debut. My favorite track on the album, Pump the Brakes, begins with a distorted guitar intro which leads to a huge guitar riff that pronounces the confrontational, anti-establishment message of the group. Pump the Brakes brings a new side of vocalizing into the hardcore genre, as one notices that Lyxzn chose to shout harmoniously with his bandmates rather than scream the political missives, and lyrics such as People getting killed by government corruption cause making most of the land that's the plan you gotta understand that 50 years down the line there wont be no time the time is now convey the bands distaste for a world in which life is run by capitalist leaders who oppress the people as a whole, and calls for a revolution against the powers that be. However, while the music in Pump the Brakes lacks the dynamic, frenzied qualities one hears in a Refused song on their later albums, the weight of the track does not lack in conviction due to the quick tempo and dissonant guitar mixed with t...

Key Areas of Management Practices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Key Areas of Management Practices - Essay Example This paper discusses that unhealthy diet, lack of gender sensitivity and cultural unawareness constitute the significant challenges in the prisons. Various task force reports indicate that they lack essential practices including managing diversity and different age groups, ethical principles, planning and resource allocation. Hence, prisons should incorporate the key areas of governance, good leadership, proper planning, stakeholder analysis, performance measurement, improvement, and resource management.As the paper highlights competent management of the institutions requires incorporation of sound governance principles. Governance entails the broad areas of recognizing the special needs stakeholders and employees of an organization. In the context of prison and other institutions, the governance encompasses awareness of the special needs of the various categories of the inmates including the young, aged and women. The elderly inmates need special care regarding the health and physic al capability. Therefore, the facilities should assess and identify the ailments, for instance, persons with acute memory impairment. A comprehensive governance approach responds by formulating special care that respects the inmates’ status. Besides, the elderly persons require extra equipment like the new attires for hygiene purposes. Good governance of the prisons incorporates the appreciation of the gender differences and perceptions.  

Impact of Class Size on Students' Achievement Thesis

Impact of Class Size on Students' Achievement - Thesis Example Since education is the understanding, wisdom and the information that any individual elucidate and illuminate in order to become proficient in a particular area of interest. However, there are abundant of students especially in the underdeveloped countries who do not even get the opportunity to get the elementary or primary education due to their poor financial statuses. Whereas, the developed nations are providing the students with quality education that helps them in making them live a better and standard life with the power of knowledge (Saracho, 2002). In view of the fact that education and learning is a critical and vital process that determines the future of any individual and how the person will shape his entire life with the knowledge that he will get. Therefore, education is one principal factor that cannot come under ignorance. Nevertheless, like any other field, the domain of education also has numerous problems that the students may encounter in their academic lives. Howe ver, the problems may come across with the teachers as well either with the administration department or in coping up with students (Saracho, 2002). By means of the rising population in the modern world in conjunction with the significance of education, the design, plan, and initiative for the development and enhancement of academic programs have escalated the proportion of students for each class. There are several reasons due to which elementary schools tend to have larger number of students per class without considering the fact that this is making a huge impact on the students’ accomplishments and achievements in their academic careers (Jepsen &Â  Rivkin, 2002). The relationship of students’ achievements caused by the class size has come under numerous researches and exploration since couple of decades; the aftermaths and findings have elevated this matter of subject into many discussions and arguments. In addition, the arguments provide the evidence for the fact that how the suggestions can contribute and influence to the improvements of the students’ performances. Moreover, the suggestions also propose the idea that how all students can get individual attention that can lead to a positive impact on to their achievements (Jepsen &Â  Rivkin, 2002). One of the leading obstacles that are under debates and arguments in the current times that catch the attention of one’s mind is the size of the class that the students study in, as it is one of the imperative subjects that give rise to the problems in the field of education. It has come under surveillance that the class size has a direct impact where it persuades on the learning and accomplishments of the students. In addition, the class size plays a great deal of value and prominence in the essence of learning and education that a student acquires and gains (Franciosi, 2004). Another query arises with the class size concern is that whether the students tend to perform better, gain additional and supplementary knowledge and have high level of achievements and success? This question is in comparison to the students who study in class where there are more students and

Lieutenant Calley Essay Example for Free

Lieutenant Calley Essay There is a big difference between known facts and the reality especially when it comes to military matters. There is a definite chain of command in place and in most cases soldiers do not do their own bidding but have to obey orders from above. The case of Lieutenant William Calley in the My Lai Massacre is one of the cases that expose the kind of leadership that we have in our military which comes at the backdrop of many public outcry against such cowboy actions. To many civilians, this is seen as a frame where someone has to take the fall and this person is usually down in the chain of command. The interesting thing is that in these cases, there is no evidences to prove who actually gives command for execution of orders that are detrimental to human rights. Lieutenant Calley was an average person in education and military service and therefore there was nothing extra ordinary about him. Many of the fellow soldiers in his troop seemed to distance themselves from him since the media had found a perfect example to portray what was happening in Vietnam (Collins Williams, 2000). What he did was ethically and morally wrong but he alleges that a command had come from above and he was simply following orders from above (Allyne 2000). His character here comes out as someone who follows orders and is obedient although we cannot rule out the opposite. The in Vietnam was very unpopular and not many people supported it and looking at issue from sides, the case and evidence was going against the lieutenant. Soldiers are known to be people of high integrity and who regard morality highly and therefore there must have been other compelling external factors that caused him to call for the massacre. Family and friends had a different opinion on his character and mental sanity. They regarded him as an average boy who was incapable of committing the atrocities in Vietnam. Looking at his background, there was a lot that was happening and some of it might be evidence enough to suggest that it clouded and interfered with his actions. Calley’s parents were not doing well health wise with both of them suffering from diseases that are associated with old ages. diagnosed with a terminal form of cancer and his father suffered from health complications due to diabetes. Human psychology is very complex and the way people react to situations differently and the happenings at home might have led to mental instability. The environment in the war front exerts a lot of pressure on soldiers and added pressure from home or other external source is enough to reduce the credence of anyone in a position of leadership. Members of the public with knowledge of the case continue to have a negative a view of Lt. William Calley considering his role in My Lai massacre in Vietnam. The public’s feeling toward Lt. Calley is further influenced by the media coverage of his case since 1970s, especially considering that prosecution of the case was accusing of acting on the influence of senior decision makers in the military. The increase in the amount of information available to the public is aiding in the shift of public perception in favor of Calley. Indeed, the American people are coming to the understanding that yes, Calley was deeply involved in My Lai massacre, but he was not alone; those at their higher levels of the military’s decision making brogans who were never prosecuted. Despite the increase in the information available to the public, Calley is still regarded as a blood stained master minder of the massacre. This perception will only change if Calley himself tells the public of the My Lai story. As for the prosecutor, Lt. Calley was simply guilty. To critics, this form of incriminating stance was adopted by the prosecutor, based on the accounts which were issued to him by the Senior Army Personnel who were in control at the moment. To this effect, that Lt. Calley ordered the massacre in M y Lai is taken as the premise of the case, rather than the need to examine the chain of command under which Lt. Calley was acting and issuing orders. Many of soldiers that were in war at the time in Vietnam concur that the case of the massacre was not an isolated case but may have been one of the many happenings that are alleged to have taken place around that time. The situation on ground in a war zone is usually different from an ideal situation and therefore civilians are the worse people to judge military personnel. The happenings back at home might have interfered with his thinking which supports that he was acting on his own and not orders from above. It is therefore not easy to determine the basis upon which he used to instigate the massacre. References Allyne, W. (2002). A Look at the Vietnam Court Cases New York: McGraw Hill. Collins, P. and William, A. (2000). Lt. Calley’s Court Cases. New York: Prentice Hall. Trevino, Linda Nelson, K. (2007). Managing business ethics: Straight talk about how to do it right (4e). New York: Wiley and Sons.

The DJ Booth Essay examples -- essays research papers

The DJ Booth   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Even while standing inside a DJ booth can be loud and obnoxious, the excitement of playing music and controlling a huge crowd sends and unexplainable feeling through your body.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When I first step into a DJ booth at Club Centers, located in the heart of Rochester, New York, my nerves start going crazy and butterflies hit my stomach so fast it feels like I have to puke. Just the sight of three turntables and an eight-channel mixer in front of my face is like sending a little kid into a candy store. While standing in front of my tables, I look to my right and I see my soundboard. This high-tech, silver plated sound machine stands about seven feet tall with about three hundred switches and knobs that control high pitches, low pitches, medium pitches and all of the digital effects. This soundboard is used when I put a shiny new record on one of the turntables. This will distort the sound quality of the song. The music sounds like a fire alarm, starting with a deep sound then rising to a high pitch screaming noise.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As I look to my left, you see my beautiful blonde light girl working my light board. While the music is playing really loud, she will hit certain buttons that will make multi-colored lasers go in different directions and make many different shapes. Also, while the music is jammin...

Abortion

Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy. If a woman falls pregnant and does not wish to go through with the pregnancy then she might choose to have an abortion. Abortion is a moral issue which people have many different feelings towards. Some people say it is okay to abort a baby but other individuals are strongly against it and consider abortions as murder. Sometimes people are against it because they believe it is wrong but some are against it because of their religion, their background and the way they were brought up.People who are for abortions may have experienced one previously and think it is okay in certain circumstances. They may also know of a friend or relative who has had an abortion and realised that it was for the best. In this essay I will be discussing the arguments for and against abortion. Some people are against abortion because they think women use it as a type of contraception and use the service far too often. They believe women should be more careful and us e contraception methods that are easily available to them rather than taking the abortion service for granted.This means that women can decide if they are ready for a child and stop using the contraception. This gives women a sense of control within their bodies. Taking the abortion service for granted if wrong and unfair on the women who are physically unable to have children for certain medical reasons. Some women who are unable to have children, and will adopt in the future if they wish to have a child, think it is very unfair that many women are aborting their babies simply because they decided they don’t want it.Abortions were made legal so women had the right to choose weather they want to have a child or not. Women can choose what happens with their body. Hinduism is generally against abortion apart from when the mothers life is at risk. Traditional Hinduism and many modern Hindus also see abortion as going against the duty of them to produce children in order to conti nue the family and produce new members of society. However, the Church of England encourages people to think through the issue of abortion very carefully and ecognises that each individual will have different views of abortion. They understand that under some circumstances abortion is considered as ‘ok’. Some of the reasons for abortion is that nearly all abortions take place in the first stages of pregnancy, when a foetus cannot exist without the mother. As it is attached by the placenta and umbilical cord, its health is completely dependant on the mothers health, and cannot be regarded as a separate person as it cannot exist outside her womb.Another reason is that teenagers who become mothers have grim prospects for the future. They are much more likely to leave school; receive inadequate parental care; rely on public assistance to raise a child; develop health problems; or end up divorced. If a teenager was to fall pregnant then a good option for them would be aborti on. It would not be fair to bring a child into this world if the mother would be unable to support a family.I am for abortions, I think they are very suitable if the person has a good enough reason. I also definitely agree with abortion when it comes to rape. I think that if a woman is raped she should have the option to destroy the child. I understand that this would be very hard to determine, but I think it would be the best way to handle the situation. A woman has the right to do what she wants with her body and should be able to choose weather or not she wants a baby, therefore I am for abortion. . Abortion Abortion has been a topic of discussion by women for ages, and still there is not an answer. Women of all ages, background status, economic status, race, religion or any other reason we can come up with about abortion – has been in the past, is today and will be in the future – choices will be decided, some after much advice and counseling. Yet before the final decision, usually there are questions that are asked ‘what if', or doubts of ‘but', and other excuses. Abortion is an issue that the United States has decided to take a pro-choice position and defend women's rights by supporting her decision whether aborting or not. This is not a pro-life and pro-abortion issue, it is a pro-life and pro-choice problem. Abortion has been a source of considerable controversy throughout human history. It involves removal of the embryo from the uterus before it can reach viability. An abortion can be induced through surgery or medicine, or can occur accidentally. Colloquially, abortion refers to an induced end to pregnancy, while an accidental end is termed ‘miscarriage'. Also, abortion is not an assassination since a fetus depends on its mother for its first three months, and abortions primarily occur in the first two weeks and usually, never after the 3rd month. Women for generations have been taught that abortion is a sin because they have committed murder since they had pre-marital sex, got pregnant, and that God was punishing them. God does not allow us to suffer, rather it is us and society who condemns. â€Å"You see, God is larger than our confined spaces and limited views. He sees situations from the vantage point of what he can do for those who will turn to him. This is God's Heart: ‘The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger, and rich in love. The Lord is good to all; he has compassion on all he has made†. When we research the topic, women have given several reasons for their choices. In my family, one of my great-grandmothers made a choice to have a child before she was married, placed the child with one of her aunts rather than aborting her pregnancy. After marriage she aborted a fetus, this was after she had given birth to several children, for her own personal reasons just as many women do. After researching the topic on abortion, I found other women who made the same choices: â€Å"Abortions will let me ‘undo' my unplanned pregnancy; my baby might have problems; adoption is not an alternative to abortion; adoption will let me see my baby grow up; I can help a family who can't have kids; adoption is an alternative to abortion†. Sometimes people are disgusted with abortions because they cut the baby up, vacuum him, or other gory methods, but there are other ways to abort, including the ‘morning-after pill,' the partial-birth abortion, and the saline amniocentesis. A Preferred Women's Health Center is allowing women information about their program and what they offer (Abortion Pill – the No Surgery Option) at four sites in GA and NC who states: â€Å"We also offer expedited care; we have expanded services to meet your needs; what to expect when you arrive; how does it work†. They also say that they offer services tailored to the patient not to their circumstances. Each patient will be given viable information, examined and counseled by professionals, and they are equipped with up to date equipment for their patients. Counselors are on staff to make sure the patient understand their rights, and what is expected of both the staff and patients. Before abortions was legalized, women ran into emergency rooms, with severe injuries such as perforations of the uterus, retained placentas, severe bleeding, cervical wounds, spreading infections, poisoning, shock, and gangrene. Women now have other means of having abortions rather than going to illegal houses, abandoned buildings, clinics who do not use sterilized equipment or have clean areas, all these patients need to do is some research to find clinics. Women lives are in danger when they contact these individuals (who perform illegal abortions in unclean rooms), clinics where these abortions are performed without qualified providers and unsafe conditions, no one will see them after the procedure to ensure that they are not having medical issues (life or death). Even if abortion became illegal, it would still occur, and this time illegally, causing that the 68,000 women that die each year from unsafe, non-medical abortions increases. Sometimes people believe that abortions are a ‘luxury' for high social and economic classes, yet this is not true. Around 56 million abortions are performed each year in the world, with about 45% done unsafely. Abortion rates changed little between 2003 and 2008, before which they decreased for at least two decades as access to family planning and birth control increased. Since the early 1970s abortion prices have incredibly decreased and, depending upon the week in which you abort, the prices are even lower. Statistics show that 57% of the women who aborted in the year 2000 were women with a low-income. It is also ridiculous that people believe that this might be the annihilation of human life. But then aren't fertilized eggs in vitro also human lives? These routinely were thrown away. Is this murder? If it is not, then how is abortion murder? Abortion is a safe process if it is done in a clinic, with correct treatment and utensils. If experts do not do it, it might result in terrible injuries and a probable loss of fertility or loss of life for the women. There has always been death associated with abortions legal and illegal. Women have been known to have fetuses to mortify in their bodies because of complications. If abortions were legalized in the entire world, the 68,000 women who die each year of illegal abortions would surely diminish to its half, or even less considering that 54 countries in the world prohibit abortions of any kind. If a female is raped; if a woman feel that she can't care for a child; your life is in danger (life or death situation); your child may a medical problem, be it physical or mental, what would you do? Women have a choice, put yourself in their place, would you want to have a child from any of the situations stated? Then, as a parent ask yourself this question; do you want your child to have a baby by someone at an early age, especially from a family member (incest), physical or mental defect? Would you be willing to assist your child without blaming them for the birth of this child? If I was the parent I would not let my child go through this pain at an early age. I know that killing an innocent human being is wrong, even if that human being has yet to be born, but always remember you have a choice in life but make sure you make the right choice. I also know that by terminating a life, can we justify our acts? By tampering with a life, aren't we acting against the creator of the world, and that Abortion can lead to serious health complications, and in some cases the worst-case scenario can be death. Who wants to see their child going through that much pain to carry a baby for nine months? At the end of the day, it's their decision and not yours if they want to get rid of the baby they have a right to do so without hearing what people has to say about them. Another thing is the mother must go through the actual labor pain and other issues involved with parenting and juggling responsibilities. Others can't precisely gauge or understand the level of trauma that a woman may be experiencing in her personal life. She is the only person who knows best, if she would be able to take care of the unplanned child or not. We all know that it's merely impossible to raise a child without family support and finance in hand, the life of the baby depends upon the mother's health. I will say this is it is up to that person to deiced what they want to do because if it was me I would agree to have one only if you are at an early age and you don't know the first thing about being a parent. As previously stated, it is up to the woman to decide to abort the pregnancy, give birth to the child then place it up for adoption, the choice is theirs. For each of these women I pray that they think, consult, and really look at their options before making their final decision. The consequences can be costly – health, physical and emotional. ReferencesA Preferred Women's Health Center. Retrieved from https://www.apwhc.com/our-services /abortion ¬Ã‚ ¬_pill/Choose Adoption or Abortion – Facts and Stats. Retrieved from adoption-for-my-baby.comThe Pros and Cons of Abortion. Retrieved from https://www.everystudent.com/wires/ abortion.html Abortion Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy. If a woman falls pregnant and does not wish to go through with the pregnancy then she might choose to have an abortion. Abortion is a moral issue which people have many different feelings towards. Some people say it is okay to abort a baby but other individuals are strongly against it and consider abortions as murder. Sometimes people are against it because they believe it is wrong but some are against it because of their religion, their background and the way they were brought up.People who are for abortions may have experienced one previously and think it is okay in certain circumstances. They may also know of a friend or relative who has had an abortion and realised that it was for the best. In this essay I will be discussing the arguments for and against abortion. Some people are against abortion because they think women use it as a type of contraception and use the service far too often. They believe women should be more careful and us e contraception methods that are easily available to them rather than taking the abortion service for granted.This means that women can decide if they are ready for a child and stop using the contraception. This gives women a sense of control within their bodies. Taking the abortion service for granted if wrong and unfair on the women who are physically unable to have children for certain medical reasons. Some women who are unable to have children, and will adopt in the future if they wish to have a child, think it is very unfair that many women are aborting their babies simply because they decided they don’t want it.Abortions were made legal so women had the right to choose weather they want to have a child or not. Women can choose what happens with their body. Hinduism is generally against abortion apart from when the mothers life is at risk. Traditional Hinduism and many modern Hindus also see abortion as going against the duty of them to produce children in order to conti nue the family and produce new members of society. However, the Church of England encourages people to think through the issue of abortion very carefully and ecognises that each individual will have different views of abortion. They understand that under some circumstances abortion is considered as ‘ok’. Some of the reasons for abortion is that nearly all abortions take place in the first stages of pregnancy, when a foetus cannot exist without the mother. As it is attached by the placenta and umbilical cord, its health is completely dependant on the mothers health, and cannot be regarded as a separate person as it cannot exist outside her womb.Another reason is that teenagers who become mothers have grim prospects for the future. They are much more likely to leave school; receive inadequate parental care; rely on public assistance to raise a child; develop health problems; or end up divorced. If a teenager was to fall pregnant then a good option for them would be aborti on. It would not be fair to bring a child into this world if the mother would be unable to support a family.I am for abortions, I think they are very suitable if the person has a good enough reason. I also definitely agree with abortion when it comes to rape. I think that if a woman is raped she should have the option to destroy the child. I understand that this would be very hard to determine, but I think it would be the best way to handle the situation. A woman has the right to do what she wants with her body and should be able to choose weather or not she wants a baby, therefore I am for abortion. . Abortion This paper encapsulates the general ideas surrounding the controversial topic of abortion. The paper displays the views of the members of my community . The mall idea of the paper Is centrally relevant to the topic of how abortion affects relationships; the causes and their effects. Abortion is a common practice among the women of today's society. Though many pro -life activists argue that it is murder, many women feel it is their right to make decisions that will affect their bodies.By definition, the term abortion refers to the premature termination of pregnancy by induced expulsion of a nonviable fetus from he uterus. Living in a community where there are several forms of relationship made it easy to conduct the research as couples were eager to assist me In determining the methods that should be used to reduce the practice. Problem Statement: Survey abortion and how It affects relationships. Research Questions: a) How does abortion affect partners in a relationship? B) What are t he effects of having an abortion? ) To what extent do people support the legalization of abortion? D) How does the church and wider society view the issue of abortion? E) What are the underlying causes why people perform abortions? Method of Research This research was completed with the lad of a self drafted questionnaire. The questionnaire was attempted by 30 members of my community. The results of the questionnaire were then documented and the results put into the required portions of this paper. Observations compiled from interviews with another set of participants are also documented and displayed in the research.There were several precautions I took to ensure the accuracy of the data I would be collecting: a) The questionnaire was succinct and took between 10 – 15 minutes to be completed b) I promised anonymity to the participants. ) The questions were drafted so that the participant could display much candor and Integrity In their responses. Instruments used to Gather D ata Topic: A survey on abortion and how it affects relationships. Dear Resident: This letter is an introduction to a questionnaire which I am seeking your assistance to complete. The questionnaire is requiring that you help me determine the effects of an abortion on a relationship.Answers will be held in anonymity therefore I do not require that you submit your name. I kindly implore that you provide your most honest opinion, because the results of these questionnaires will be submitted in School Based Assessment. Your time and patience is sincerely appreciated. Sincerely yours, Shellac Questionnaire Aim: To determine your views on the issue of abortion, specifically the effects it has on relationships. Information provided is strictly confidential so please do not submit your name. Instructions: Complete all questions in your most honest opinion. Abortion? Abortion? With being a woman come a great responsibility, the responsibility of motherhood. The role women have as mothers in society is substantial and dangerous. The choice of being a mother is not a choice that is in full power of the woman, this choice is shared with men. Throughout history the debate over abortion has not reached a definite decision regarding its legitimacy. The choice in giving birth to a child is no choice for many if not most women in America.The Right to choose to have a child has been taken away from women as individuals and has been placed at the hand of the population at large. Wether abortion is right or wrong it is an option not accessible to many women and therefore deprives them from having a full sense of freedom. Women cannot share the right to choose to give birth or not with a crowd in which most of it’s participants (men) can’t assimilate the responsibility and sacrifice childcare requires. As mothers, women are the only ones to suf fer full mental and physical hardship the choice of childbirth brings.If this is the case, how is it that both men and women hold equal rights on the legal standing of abortion? Abortion is a choice, whom only affects women physically and therefore should only be a choice taken by the woman. Besides the physical implications pregnancy brings, the mother as well has a responsibility in the future of that fetus. This is where, the access to abortion becomes crucial. If a woman chooses to have an abortion she and the fetus are the only ones affected. Abortion isn’t a choice that is taken lightly by women, women seek abortion as means of a last resort.Usually when abortion is chosen it is due to the fact that the supposed mother has concluded that the life of the fetus if bourn will not be adequate and it is not guaranteed the safety and well being of the child in the future. If the option of abortion is taken from women it poses a large issue, according to the European Journal o f Social Sciences â€Å"When an adult, either a woman or a man, states that they are not ready or interested in having a child, it might have a disproportionate future implication.There are several cases of depression, drug and alcohol abuse, self-mutilation, psychosis, and finally suicide, among people who know they were unwanted babies. Several parents even say that openly to their children, causing disproportional trauma and an eternal feeling of not belonging and poor self-esteem. † Un wanted pregnancies can have lots of negative outcomes, more often involving the future of the child. The right to choose to have a child or not is slowly slipping away from the hands of women.In the debate over abortion there are two opposing stand points, which are pro-choice and pro-life. Pro-choice is a stand point that advocates abortion and is pushing for a abortion to become legal in all states. Pro-choice argues that when abortion is illegal women cannot experience full freedom. Abor tion, provides an option to women who’s life of their own and of their offspring is not fully guaranteed to work out, to instead not have an unwanted child and save the mother from then having to give that child up, saving the child from an unknown future.As well, it saves the mother from and the child if it comes from an unwanted pregnancy from having to abruptly change her life to respond to the child, which in most cases forces young teens of school and thus not letting them progress in life individually and for the child. The child then also suffers from not having the full parental support and attention since the parent is either unfit or unable to provide this care.Pro-choice not only focuses on the choice women deserve as birth givers to choose whether they are capable of performing the required task and from taking the responsibility of bringing new life into the world, they also advocate for women’s reproductive rights at a large overview. In the concerns rega rding politics and abortion, abortion is not the only issue women face. Besides the threat of their right to choose abortion or not, being fully annihilated, they also face the threat of have proper reproductive healthcare.Most States in which abortion is illegal, they as well do not offer proper reproductive healthcare and prenatal care facilities that can be accessible to all social classes. The lack of reproductive healthcare, prenatal care and advisement leads to the same concurring issue of an over produced number of unwanted or unplanned pregnancies. The opposing view point to pro-choice is pro-life, which advocates for the criminalization of abortion in all states. The pro-life stand point is one that can be divided in to two points of view, one taking its view from a moral perspective and the other one initiating it’s view from a religious tand. Although this two perspectives can often times be one in the same, it is best to disregard the religious point of view, sinc e it is bias do to the fact that it bases it’s opinions in tradition and the fact that it responds to a non physically existent being. In the European Journal of Social Sciences, it is stated that abortion is a selfish act only centered around the mother as an individual. Pro-life supporters main argument is that abortion is like murder, killing an unborn baby is the same a killing one that is already born.Ironically many pro-life supporters also approve of war, this creates an ethical contradiction to their original beliefs against abortion. Pro-life supporters who advocate against abortion but at the same time support war present a rather hypocritical view point. They see abortion as murder but they do not see war the same way. If any thing war causes more fatalities than abortion. Pro-life supporters who are truly pro-life consider war and abortion the same way, both as wrongful acts of humanity.True pro-life supporters have the shared belief that all life is sacred and th at when it comes to the issue of abortion, the argument is that life begins at conception. In the continuing resistance between pro-choice and pro-life, the question of when does life start is the major counter point in this opposing view points. As stated before pro-life argues that life begins at conception, in the other hand the opposing view point of pro-choice, relies on fertile viability. Pro-life has present the argument that life begins at conception because it is only within a few weeks that the embryo develops a beating heart.On the contrary, pro-choice argues that the embryo cannot be consider life or an individual until it can sustain its own life, this happens when the embryo reaches the first trimester. At the first trimester the embryo begins to support it’s own life and is therefor not considered a part of the mother any longer. Pro-choice supporters believe that up until the first trimester, women should obtain the right to choose whether they want to continu e with their pregnancy or if they choose to terminate it. What can truly be considered the starting point of life can only be determined by the individual.Both sides pro-choice and pro-life are neither right or wrong, it is a dilemma with too many factors involved to reach a conclusion. The answer to wether abortion is morally incorrect can’t be answered, do to the fact that morality is an individual perception. One argument that can be conclude is wether abortion should be legal or not. Passing all other factors in the argument of abortion, the legal matter is that legal abortion is a choice it is not a forceful act upon which all women must abide by but illegal abortion limits women’s rights as mothers and all women must abide by it.The standing the United States has on abortion is one that is not fully pro-choice or pro-life, according to the Women’s Choice and Reproductive Health Protection Act of 1995 â€Å"The 1973 Supreme Court decision in Roe v. Wade es tablished constitutionally based limits on the power of States to restrict the right of a woman to choose to terminate a pregnancy. Under the strict  scrutiny standard enunciated in Roe v. Wade, States were required to demonstrate that laws restricting the right of a woman to choose to terminate a pregnancy were the least restrictive means available to achieve a compelling State interest.Since 1989, the Supreme Court has no longer applied the strict scrutiny standard in reviewing challenges to the constitutionality of State laws restricting such rights. † The nations political standing on abortion is one that only presents problems rather than any benefits to both opposing parties. Do to the fact that abortion and reproductive health rights are decided by the states rather than the federal government, has caused many states to deprive women from any abortion or reproductive health care rights such as various forms of contraception. This legal standing has also brought up a c onflict among states.The Women’s Choice and Reproductive Health Protection Act of 1995 also informs that â€Å"restrictions operate cumulatively to increase the number of illegal or  medically less safe abortions, often resulting in physical impairment, loss of reproductive capacity or death to the women involved burden interstate commerce by forcing women to travel from States in which legal barriers render contraception or abortion unavailable or unsafe to other States or foreign nations interfere with freedom of travel between and among the various States burden the medical and economic resources of States that continue to provide women with access to safe and legal abortion; and interfere with the ability of medical professionals to provide health services; obstruct access to and use of contraceptive and other medical techniques that are part of interstate and international commerce; discriminate between women who are able to afford interstate and international travel and women who are not, a disproportionate number of whom belong to racial or ethnic minorities; and infringe upon women’s ability to exercise full enjoyment of rights secured to them by Federal and State law, both statutory and constitutional. † All the issues that come with the legal standing of abortion can only and need to be compromised at a federal level. No state should have individual rules for an issue that is nation wide and of top national concern.This disagreements can only be broken through a middle ground, both pro-choice and pro-life have a good opinion, but in the case of the argument of pro-choice which wins over pro-life, is that you can’t implant one persons moral ethics to another. Moral ethics come from an individual point of view and should only be addressed individually, like in the case of abortion, abortion is a one side choice which only affects one person and that person only, the woman. Therefore, the woman should be ultimate keeper in the choice of what she is able to accomplish physical and mentally. Works Cited The Women’s Choice and Reproductive Health Protection Act of 1995.In the House of Representatives. Smith, Andrea. â€Å"Beyond Pro-Choice versus Pro-Life: Women of Color and Reproductive Justice. † NWSA Journal 17 (2005): 119-140 Berer, Marge. â€Å"Whatever Happened to ‘A Woman's Right to Choose'? † Feminist Review 29 (1988): 24-37 Lopez, Raquel. â€Å"Perspectives on Abortion: Pro-Choice, Pro-Life, and What Lies in between. † European Journal of Social Sciences 27 (2012): 511-517 Sweet, Ellen. â€Å"REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS AND THE SUPREME COURT: WHEN ‘ACTIVISM† GOES WRONG† Women’s Studies Quarterly 35 (2007): 338-343 Lieberman, Alice. , Davis, Liane V. â€Å"The Role of Social Work in the Defense of Reproductive Rights. † Social Work 37 (1992): 365-370 Abortion This paper encapsulates the general ideas surrounding the controversial topic of abortion. The paper displays the views of the members of my community . The mall idea of the paper Is centrally relevant to the topic of how abortion affects relationships; the causes and their effects. Abortion is a common practice among the women of today's society. Though many pro -life activists argue that it is murder, many women feel it is their right to make decisions that will affect their bodies.By definition, the term abortion refers to the premature termination of pregnancy by induced expulsion of a nonviable fetus from he uterus. Living in a community where there are several forms of relationship made it easy to conduct the research as couples were eager to assist me In determining the methods that should be used to reduce the practice. Problem Statement: Survey abortion and how It affects relationships. Research Questions: a) How does abortion affect partners in a relationship? B) What are t he effects of having an abortion? ) To what extent do people support the legalization of abortion? D) How does the church and wider society view the issue of abortion? E) What are the underlying causes why people perform abortions? Method of Research This research was completed with the lad of a self drafted questionnaire. The questionnaire was attempted by 30 members of my community. The results of the questionnaire were then documented and the results put into the required portions of this paper. Observations compiled from interviews with another set of participants are also documented and displayed in the research.There were several precautions I took to ensure the accuracy of the data I would be collecting: a) The questionnaire was succinct and took between 10 – 15 minutes to be completed b) I promised anonymity to the participants. ) The questions were drafted so that the participant could display much candor and Integrity In their responses. Instruments used to Gather D ata Topic: A survey on abortion and how it affects relationships. Dear Resident: This letter is an introduction to a questionnaire which I am seeking your assistance to complete. The questionnaire is requiring that you help me determine the effects of an abortion on a relationship.Answers will be held in anonymity therefore I do not require that you submit your name. I kindly implore that you provide your most honest opinion, because the results of these questionnaires will be submitted in School Based Assessment. Your time and patience is sincerely appreciated. Sincerely yours, Shellac Questionnaire Aim: To determine your views on the issue of abortion, specifically the effects it has on relationships. Information provided is strictly confidential so please do not submit your name. Instructions: Complete all questions in your most honest opinion. Abortion This paper encapsulates the general ideas surrounding the controversial topic of abortion. The paper displays the views of the members of my community . The mall idea of the paper Is centrally relevant to the topic of how abortion affects relationships; the causes and their effects. Abortion is a common practice among the women of today's society. Though many pro -life activists argue that it is murder, many women feel it is their right to make decisions that will affect their bodies.By definition, the term abortion refers to the premature termination of pregnancy by induced expulsion of a nonviable fetus from he uterus. Living in a community where there are several forms of relationship made it easy to conduct the research as couples were eager to assist me In determining the methods that should be used to reduce the practice. Problem Statement: Survey abortion and how It affects relationships. Research Questions: a) How does abortion affect partners in a relationship? B) What are t he effects of having an abortion? ) To what extent do people support the legalization of abortion? D) How does the church and wider society view the issue of abortion? E) What are the underlying causes why people perform abortions? Method of Research This research was completed with the lad of a self drafted questionnaire. The questionnaire was attempted by 30 members of my community. The results of the questionnaire were then documented and the results put into the required portions of this paper. Observations compiled from interviews with another set of participants are also documented and displayed in the research.There were several precautions I took to ensure the accuracy of the data I would be collecting: a) The questionnaire was succinct and took between 10 – 15 minutes to be completed b) I promised anonymity to the participants. ) The questions were drafted so that the participant could display much candor and Integrity In their responses. Instruments used to Gather D ata Topic: A survey on abortion and how it affects relationships. Dear Resident: This letter is an introduction to a questionnaire which I am seeking your assistance to complete. The questionnaire is requiring that you help me determine the effects of an abortion on a relationship.Answers will be held in anonymity therefore I do not require that you submit your name. I kindly implore that you provide your most honest opinion, because the results of these questionnaires will be submitted in School Based Assessment. Your time and patience is sincerely appreciated. Sincerely yours, Shellac Questionnaire Aim: To determine your views on the issue of abortion, specifically the effects it has on relationships. Information provided is strictly confidential so please do not submit your name. Instructions: Complete all questions in your most honest opinion.

Achieving Competitive Advantage Essay

What roles do traditional process management duties of planning, organizing, and controlling play in project management, if any? Answer: The traditional managerial duties of planning, organizing, and controlling all apply to project management. Project managers must be technically well versed, proficient at administrative functions, willing and able to assume leadership roles, and above-all, goal oriented. The project manager is the person most responsible for keeping track of the big picture Diff: 2 Section: 1. 1 What Is a Project? Skill: Conceptual AACSB Tag. Reflective 4) Why is project management challenging? Answer: Projects present challenges for a number of reasons; by their nature they are often dramatic departures from the routine process-oriented work that employees are accustomed to. Projects face budget, time, and resource constraints and these resources must often be marshaled from across the organization. Diff: 2 Section: 1. 1 What Is a Project? Skill: Conceptual AACSB Tag: Reflective 5) Why are projects important? Answer: Today’s businesses face a set of pressures that make projects crucial in helping an organization achieve its strategic goals. These pressures include shortened product life cycles, narrow product launch windows, increasingly complex and technical products, the emergence of global markets, and an economic period marked by low inflation. Diff: 1 Section: 1. 2 Why Are Projects Important? Skill: Definition AACSB Tag: Reflective 6) What changes in the business environment have necessitated a greater use of project management skills? Answer: Today’s businesses face a set of pressures that make projects crucial in helping an organization achieve its strategic goals. These pressures include shortened product life cycles, narrow product launch windows, increasingly complex and technical products, the emergence of global markets, and an economic period marked by low inflation. Diff: 2 Section: 1. 2 Why Are Projects Important? Skill: Factual AACSB Tag: Reflective 7) Why is project management considered an excellent training ground for future senior executives in many organizations? Answer: One of the unique aspects of projects is their unique blend of technical and behavioral challenges. The technical side of project management requires managers to become skilled in project selection, budgeting and resource management, planning and scheduling, and tracking their projects. The behavioral side of project management requires project managers to bring together individuals from across the organization, mold them into a team, manage conflict, provide leadership, and engage in negotiation and appropriate political behavior. Diff: 2 Section: 1. 2 Why Are Projects Important? Skill: Conceptual AACSB Tag: Reflective 8) Describe the activities that occur at each stage of a project. Answer: Stages in a project’s development are referred to as the project life cycle, which consists of conceptualization, planning, execution, and termination. In the conceptualization stage the scope of the work is determined, necessary resources are identified, and important organizational stakeholders signed on. In the planning stage all detailed specifications, schematics, schedules, and other plans are developed. Individual pieces of the project are broken down, individual assignments are made, and the process for completion is delineated. During the execution phase the system is developed or the product is created and fabricated. Termination occurs when the completed project is transferred to the customer, the project’s resources are reassigned, and the project is formally closed out. Diff: 1 Section: 1. 3 Project Life Cycles Skill: Definition AACSB Tag: Reflective 9) Where in the project life cycle are the intensity level of resources and client interest at their highest? Why is this the case? Answer: The intensity level of resources peaks during the execution phase of the project life cycle. The actual work is performed during this phase, so the commitment of financial, human, and technical resources peaks at this time. The level of enthusiasm or concern expressed by the project’s intended customer peaks in both the conceptualization and termination phases. The client is initially very interested because they provide input on the goal and specifications of the project. Project work moves out of the conceptual phase to a more internal mode and the client’s interest wanes until the project nears delivery. At this point the client’s interest peaks again as they prepare to receive the completed project and all the associated benefits. Diff: 2 Section: 1. 3 Project Life Cycles Skill: Conceptual AACSB Tag: Reflective 10) Rank the determinants of project success from most important to least important and justify your rankings. Answer: Answers with regard to ranking may vary since, for example, circumstances may dictate that time is an overriding concern at the expense of quality and cost. The determinants of project success are: conformance to budget, schedule, performance specifications, and client acceptance. Time – Projects are constrained by a specified timeframe during which they must be completed; they are not supposed to continue indefinitely. Cost – Projects must meet budgeted allowances in order to use resources as efficiently as possible. Performance – Projects are developed in order to adhere to some initially determined technical specifications. Performance measurement means determining whether the finished product operates according to specifications. Client acceptance – Projects are developed with customers in mind; their purpose is to satisfy customers’ needs. If the completed project meets all internal criteria but does not satisfy the customer, then the project has not been a complete success. Diff: 3 Section: 1. 4 Determinants of Project Success Skill: Conceptual AACSB Tag: Reflective 11) Discuss the internal and external measures of project success. Answer: The determinants of project success are the internal measures of time, cost, and performance and the external measure of client acceptance. Time – Projects are constrained by a specified timeframe during which they must be completed; they are not supposed to continue indefinitely. Cost – Projects must meet budgeted allowances in order to use resources as efficiently as possible. Performance – Projects are developed in order to adhere to some initially determined technical specifications. Performance measurement means determining whether the finished product operates according to specifications. Client acceptance – Projects are developed with customers in mind; their purpose is to satisfy customers’ needs. If the completed project meets all internal criteria but does not satisfy the customer, then the project has not been a complete success. Diff: 1 Section: 1. 4 Determinants of Project Success Skill: Factual AACSB Tag: Reflective 12) Describe the elements of the Atkinson model of project success. Answer: The Atkinson model incorporates the input of all stakeholders in assessing project success. Stakeholders are all groups that are affected by a project, for example, employees, customers, end users, the community, suppliers, etc. The Atkinson model begins with the traditional iron triangle of time, cost, and performance and adds considerations of the benefits accrued by organizational end external stakeholders. Diff: 2 Section: 1. 4 Determinants of Project Success Skill: Factual AACSB Tag: Reflective 13) One model of project success offered in the chapter looks beyond the current project into the future. Comment on the elements of this model and their impact along the timeline from project completion to well beyond this point in time. Answer: This framework was proposed by Shenhar, Levy, and Dvir and contains in chronological order, the elements of project efficiency, impact on the customer, business success, and preparing for the future. The immediate measure of success is efficiency, that is, have the project budget and schedule been achieved? More important, have the customer needs, technical specifications been met? Next, has the project achieved the commercial success that was hoped for? Finally, has the project opened new markets or new product lines, helped develop new technologies, or developed new skills for the organization? Diff: 2 Section: 1. 4 Determinants of Project Success Skill: Factual AACSB Tag: Reflective 14) What are project management maturity models used for? Answer: Project management maturity models are used to allow organizations to benchmark the best practices of successful project management firms. Project maturity models recognize that different organizations are currently at different levels of sophistication in their best practices for managing projects. Diff: 2 Section: 1. 5 Developing Project Management Maturity Skill: Conceptual AACSB Tag: Reflective 15) Describe the spider-web methodology for displaying project management maturity and present any five components of project management practice that can be displayed using this technique. Answer: A spider-web diagram (or radar chart) derives its name from its visual similarity to a spider-web, consisting of some number of spokes connected by concentric rings. The spokes represent the components of project management practice that the organization chooses to measure. The rings represent levels of achievement for each of the components. Diff: 2 Section: 1. 5 Developing Project Management Maturity Skill: Conceptual AACSB Tag: Reflective 16) Describe the project management characteristics of firms that reside at the lowest levels of the ESI, SEI, Center for Business Practice, and Kerzner maturity models and characteristics of firms that reside at the highest levels of these models. Answer: The lowest level of each model is occupied by companies that have no clear sense of project management. There is no common project management language within these companies and management processes, if any exist, are ad hoc. Firms occupying the highest level of project management maturity are project savvy; having progressed beyond simply applying project management to processes. These firms actively explore ways to continuously improve project management techniques and procedures. Diff: 3 Section: 1. 5 Developing Project Management Maturity Skill: Conceptual AACSB Tag: Reflective 17) What are the three levels of the generic project management maturity model and what are the characteristics of a company at each level? Provide examples of organizations at each of these levels and support your choices. Answer: The lowest maturity level of the generic model is reserved for companies that have an ad hoc approach to project management. There is no common language for project management and little support for project workers and the projects. At the moderate maturity level, the organization has defined practices, some training programs for project management and organizational support dedicated to these efforts. At the high maturity level, the process of project management is institutionalized and there are continuous improvement efforts underway from one project to the next. Example organizations will vary. Diff: 3